Option Trading Tip – Covered Call Cashflow

 Option Trading  No Responses »
Nov 262009
 

Writing Covered Calls is a conservative strategy where you buy a stock that you would like to invest in and then write a call option against that stock.

This is a cash generating strategy that not only offers downside protection that you otherwise wouldn’t enjoy if you just bought the stock, but also gives you the ability to generate a consistent monthly income, for only minutes of your time.

However as with all option trading strategies, there are pitfalls that you will need to avoid if you are to be consistently profitable.

Here are a few tips that may help you write covered calls successfully.

Always check the fundamentals of the underlying stock and make sure that you would be happy to own even if options didn’t exist.

A great resource for viewing fundamental ‘ratings’ for stocks is at http://www.morningstar.com

Don’t enter a Covered Call trade just because the option premium looks attractive. Higher option premiums (10-15% or more) often mean that the stock is more volatile i.e. prone to huge price swings and therefore greater risk.

I personally target the larger, more liquid and stable companies with monthly call option premiums between the 3-6% range.

One of my personal favorites and a stock that I have had considerable success writing covered calls on over the years is Oracle (ORCL).

I’ve also had consistent success with Intel (INTC) and Nokia (NOK). At times the Nasdaq Tracking Unit (QQQQ) is also attractive (a 3% yield is the highest I’ve ever seen it though).

Don’t hold stocks at least 2 days either side of earnings announcements. Much of the time expectations of good and even great earnings are already priced into the stock and should the stock fall short of expectations or even worse disappoint, a virtual bloodbath can follow. I’ve experienced declines of 30-50% in just a few days by holding my covered call stocks over earnings announcements.

Don’t get me wrong, it can also be good time to be a stockholder if the earnings numbers are really great, but I’m a little more conservative and to me it’s just not worth the risk. You can always buy back in afterwards anyway!

Always take a look at stock charts when choosing a stock to write covered calls on. There are 3 general patterns that I look for:

1) A moderate uptrend.

2) A sideways trend.

However the most conservative/safe chart pattern for covered call writing (in my experience) appears after a stock has had a steep sell off and has begun to move sideways for a couple of months.

This is a type of ‘bottoming’ pattern where much of the downside risk has already been ‘sold’ out of the stock.

As covered call writers it’s always important to remember that our risk lies if the stock falls sharply, so we want to do our best to reduce the risk as best we can. This is just one way that I have found to be effective.

If you go to http://www.stockcharts.com and pull up the chart for the QQQQ during the early part of 2003, you’ll see this exact pattern. I successfully wrote covered calls on the QQQQ for about 4 months during this time before I allowed myself to be assigned and moved onto another opportunity.

There you have it. Hopefully these tips help you on your way to consistent profits and monthly cashflow writing covered calls.

Oh, it also goes without saying but I’ll say it anyway, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket!”

Happy option trading and investing!

 Posted by at 8:41 pm  Tagged with: , ,

Option Trading Tip – How to Leap Into Option Profits!

 Option Trading  No Responses »
Nov 262009
 

A LEAP (Long-term Equity Anticipation Product) is simply a long-dated option.

LEAP options that don’t expire upto 2 years into the future give the buyer much more time to be right about the future direction of a stock and at the same time offer tremedous leverage.

LEAP option trading has become quite popular in recent years because just like all options, LEAPs only cost a fraction of what it would cost to buy shares in the underlying stock itself, but give you the same amount of control.

As with all options though, time is the enemy (if you are a buyer) and over time options lose their value.

So how can we use LEAPS to speculate on the future direction of a stock (UP or DOWN) and at the same time reduce our risk of losing all our money on them?

Well let me share with you a couple of simple LEAP option trading strategies that have worked well for me over the years in both bull and bear markets…

TIP:

If you believe a stock will go UP over the next 1-2 years, then buy Call option LEAPs on it and at the same time sell the call options (at least one or two strike prices out of the money) that expire in the current month.

If you believe a stock will go DOWN over the next 1-2 years, then buy Put option LEAPs on it and at the same time sell the put options (at least one or two strike prices out of the money) that expire in the current month.

By doing this you will effectively be getting cash back on your investment every single month that you hold your LEAPs.

Over the long-term this will not only offset the time-decay of your LEAPs, but also offer you some downside protection, should the stock go in the opposite direction that you want it to.

This is known as a Calendar Spread and is a much more conservative way of speculating with LEAPs.

Important:

If the stock rises above your sold strike price for your current month Calls or below your sold strike price for your current month Puts, then you risk being assigned/exercised.

You should never allow this to occur because the moment you are assigned you will lose whatever time value is left on your LEAPs.

It is far better to close out the trade for a profit by buying back the sold option and selling your LEAPs for an overall profit or simply holding your LEAPs and then writing (out of the money) options against them for the next month.

 Posted by at 2:18 pm  Tagged with: , ,

Balance of Risk and Reward in Options Trading

 Option Trading  No Responses »
Nov 252009
 

You don’t need to be a trader or an investor to know that the higher the risk, the greater the reward. This concept is true in all aspects of life and business. The more risk you are willing to undertake in life, the more life returns to you. Indeed, risk and reward are directly proportional and often in trading and investment, the more risk your account is exposed to, the greater the return on investment when things work out as planned.
Knowing that risk and reward are proportional makes finding the correct balance of risk and reward extremely important to all kinds of traders; stock traders, futures traders, options traders etc. There is no one solution that works for everyone and the correct balance is decided upon the risk appetite and risk tolerance of the individual trader.
For stock traders, balancing risk and reward primarily involves adjusting the amount of growth stocks and defensive stocks in one’s portfolio. Generally, the more growth or speculative stocks in one’s portfolio, the greater the risk due to greater uncertainty and therefore the higher the gain when things works out as expected. The more defensive stocks in one’s portfolio, the more predictable returns become and therefore the lower the return as these stocks does not generally move a lot. This degree of risk / reward balancing is at best crude compared to the surgically fine degree of balancing you can have in options trading.
Stock options are the most versatile trading instrument in the world right now due to the wide array of options strategies that are employable. Yes, not only can risk and reward be balanced through employing different mix of strategies in your portfolio, there are also different risk and reward profiles achievable by each individual options strategy. There are options strategies that range from making over 1000% profit while risking all your money to options strategies that make a mere 0.01% return while risking nothing as well as every centimeters in between.
As long as you understand what your personal risk appetite and risk tolerance is, you will be able to find an options strategy that suits your needs 100%. Here’s a general outline of the kind of risk reward balance that can be achieved through options trading:
Highest Risk, Highest Reward – OTM Call / Put buying
This is the options strategy that produces the legendary 1000% profit that amazed so many beginners. What those ads did not tell you is that the risk is losing ALL the money that you put into the strategy. This options strategy involves buying out of the money(http://www.optiontradingpedia.com/out_of_the_money_options.htm)call options when you think a stock is going to go up or buying out of the money put options when you think a stock is going to go down. Professionals use this options strategy with only a very small portion of their money in order to place a bet on an uncertain event such as leveraged buyout. Some lucky amateurs use this options strategy with all their money and then become millionaires overnight. The downside of this strategy is the fact that if the stock did not move far enough in the direction you expected it to, you can lose all the money you put into the strategy. That is also why so many beginners break their accounts overnight in options trading.
Various Degrees of Risk and Reward – Options Spreads
There are literally hundreds of possible options spread strategies out there with various degrees of risk and reward for every market condition. There are more aggressive bullish, bearish, neutral and volatile spreads and there are more conservative ones. All of them shares the same logic of higher risk compensated with a higher profit potential.
Lowest Risk, Lowest Reward – Options Arbitrage
Yes, there are literally risk free trading opportunities in options trading which also returns very small, sometimes negligible returns. These are the legendary options arbitrage strategies. Options arbitrage strategies such as conversion/reversal aims to make a fixed return totally risk free through simultaneously buying the underlying and shorting the overpriced synthetic equal or vice versa. The problem with such strategies is that the returns are so low that most of the time, it’s even lower than the commissions you will pay for the trades made. Even if you manage to return a positive return, the return can be as low as 0.01% in percentage terms. That is why arbitrageurs aim to make an absolute return using enormous amounts of money.
With this in mind, the most conservative traders may choose to specialize totally in arbitrage strategies (http://www.optiontradingpedia.com/options_arbitrage.htm) while the most aggressive traders may choose to specialize in leveraged speculation using OTM options. Everyone else would be able to find something to suit your risk appetite in the hundreds of spread possibilities. This degree of flexibility and range of risk/reward possibilities makes stock options the most versatile trading instrument in the world today and why options trading (http://www.optiontradingpedia.com) is so popular these days.

 Posted by at 7:11 pm  Tagged with: , , , , ,

Option Trading: Credit Spread Strategies

 Option Trading  No Responses »
Nov 242009
 

A credit spread is a type of vertical spread. It is a trading strategy in which you are buying an option, call or put, at a certain strike price, and simultaneously selling the same type of option at a different strike price of the same month. The sold strike price must have a higher value thus creating a credit at the time the trade is placed. As time goes on the options premium will depreciate, and as long as the price of the stock does not go past the sold strike price at the end of expiration, you keep the full credit. There are two main ways to trade credit spreads – either a low capital risk trade or a high probability trade.
The low capital risk trade consists of making a trade using in the money (ITM) options or at the money (ATM) options to compose the credit spread. For example a stock trading at $55. You are bearish on this stock feeling that it will fall below $50 and stay there. You create a credit spread using calls called a Bear Call Spread. You would sell an ITM $50 call for $5.75 and then buy an ATM $55 call for $2.00 creating a credit for $3.75. The max value of the spread, the difference between strikes, is $5 (55-50), which makes your max risk is $1.25 (5-3.75). This is the low capital risk your are making $3.75 while risking $1.25 which makes for a 300% rate of return. So a high rate of return a low capital risk, what could be wrong with this trade? The probability of success. The stock needs to be below $50 and stay below $50 at the expiration of the options in order to be a successful trade. You need to be correct in your assessment of the direction of the trade.
The high probability trade consists of making a trade using out of the money (OTM) options to compose the credit. Using the same example of a stock trading at $55 that you are bearish, feeling it will fall and stay below $50, we create a different type of credit spread. To create the credit spread, you would sell an OTM $65 Call for $1.10 and buy an OTM $70 Call for $.50 creating a credit of $.60. The max value is still $5 which makes your risk $4.40, much higher than the previous example. This makes for a high capital risk making only $0.60 while risking $4.40 which makes for a 13% rate of return. The difference however is in the probability of the trade being successful. The stock will need to close below $60 at expiration of the options and since it already is below $60 and you feel the stock is weak and will be going lower. The probability of it gaining 10 points or 18% is unlikely in comparison to the previous low capital risk trade in which the stock is at 55 and has to fall 5 points and stay below $50 for the trade to be successful, which makes this credit spread a high probability of success.
Low capital risk but also a low probability of success for the beginner or a higher capital risk with a high probability of success makes for the two choices for the credit spread trader. The choice depends on the traders personality a more involved trader one that really likes to pay close attention to his trade and can make adjustments when necessary may prefer the low capital risk trade. The trader trading part time or is more conservative in their trades one that likes to place a trade and then just monitor it once daily would be more likely to choose the high probability trade. Which type of trader are you?

 Posted by at 3:07 pm  Tagged with: , , , ,

Covered Calls vs. Dividends – Option Trading For Income Investors

 Option Trading  No Responses »
Nov 242009
 

Trading options and investing in dividend stocks are two subjects that aren’t normally linked, but, by using a conservative option trading approach, selling covered calls, you can actually often double and sometimes even triple your yield on dividend paying stocks.

Selling covered calls is sometimes compared to taking out a limited insurance policy on your stocks, except that you get paid to take out this policy.

How? If you own a stock with options available, you can sell an option to call, (buy), your shares away from you at a given price, known as the strike price.

You’ll receive money, called a premium, for selling a call option. In fact, you’ll often receive a bigger $ amount per share by selling a call premium than you’re currently receiving as a dividend. This money reduces your net cost basis on the stock, hence the insurance analogy.

What’s the catch? By selling the call option, you’re obligating yourself to deliver x amount of shares of the underlying stock at a specific price – the strike price.

Each option contract corresponds to 100 shares of the underlying stock, so make sure that you own at least 100 shares of the stock BEFORE you try to sell calls against it.

Here are a few basic option terms that will help explain this option strategy:

Strike Price: The price attached to a given option contract, that a call seller is obligated to sell the underlying stock at to the buyer.

Call Bid Premium: The amount of $/share that call buyers are currently offering, (Bidding), for a given call option.

Expiration Date: The date that an option expires, which is normally on the 3rd Friday of the option’s contract month.

Option Chain: The listing of options available for a stock. These are arranged by calendar month. Normally, the months available revolve throughout the year: the front (current) month, the next month, one month per quarter, and the following January. Some more heavily traded stocks have more months available simultaneously.

What triggers the sale of your shares when you sell covered calls? If the price of the underlying stock rises to or past the combination of the strike price and the call premium you were paid, your shares will usually be “assigned”, (sold).

If you sold a $15 January call option and received $1.25, your shares would be assigned if the stock rose to or above $16.25.

Assignment normally happens at or near the expiration date.

Assigned Yield: The % yield a call seller receives when his shares assigned, calculated as follows: The difference between his basis cost on the underlying shares and the call’s strike price he sold at, dividend by his cost basis.

For example, if you sold that $15 call, and your cost basis on the stock was $14.00, you’d earn an additional $1.00/share, if your shares were assigned, which would equal an assigned yield of 7.14%. ($1.00 dividend by cost of $14.00).

Call Yield: The yield that the call seller receives for the call, calculated as follows: The call premium divided by the cost basis/share of the underlying shares.

In the above example, the call seller sold a call for $1.25, and the cost basis of the stock was $14.00. Therefore, his Static Yield equals 8.93%, ($1.25 divided by $14.00)

Most covered call sellers compare the amount of dividends they’d receive prior to the call’s expiration, to the amount of call premium they’d receive, to judge if it’s worth selling the call option or not.

Total Assigned Yield: The total of the dividends received, call premium received, and assigned yield received, all dividend by your cost basis of the stock.

In this example, if you’d received $.60/share in dividends during the investment term, plus $1.25 in call premium, plus $1.00 assigned yield differential, you’re total income on the trade would be $2.85, on a $14.00 stock. This equals a 20.36% Total Assigned Yield.

Total Static Yield: This is the combination of the dividends received or qualified for prior to expiration, plus the call premium received.

A Static Yield occurs when the stock DOESN’T rise to a price that is equal to or over the combination of the strike price and call premium, and the call seller’s shares are not sold.

To sum up, you can add up to 2 new income streams to your dividend income on any optionable stock, by selling covered calls against it.

We took a stock with a $.60 dividend, (a 4.3% dividend yield), and earned over twice as much $ in call premiums immediately, $1.25, (8.93% call yield), plus, we positioned ourselves for an additional $1.00/share if assigned, (7.14% assigned yield).

 Posted by at 3:07 pm  Tagged with: , , , , , , , , ,
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